Zonar products and services reference a number of terms that may be unfamiliar. This glossary lists some of the more frequently used terminology, along with links to more information where available.
Zonar Products
| 10x or 10x Charger | 120VAC device for charging ten 2010s at once. Often used in cold climates to keep units warm overnight. |
| 2010 (or 2010A) | The marigold-colored hand-held device used for performing EVIR inspections. This was the flagship product of Zonar. |
| 2020 | The 2020 is a proprietary Android device capable of Hours-of-Service, routing, messaging, and performing EVIR inspections. Support for the 2020 ended on August 31, 2020. |
| Connect | Zonar’s next generation Android tablet and successor to the 2020. A proprietary Android device capable of Hours-of-Service, routing, messaging, and performing EVIR inspections. |
| Discrete I/O | Zonar’s discrete IO system consists of a 5-wire cable that plugs into the 12-pin port of Zonar’s GPS devices. The system is used to monitor binary electrical events such as Door-open or closed, light on or off, plow up or down, PTO on or off. School buses often have their loading door wired with Discrete IO so they can identify student loading (Motion Stop - And door event). Zonar can display this information on a map, count the events, count the duration, and count the miles. It is a very flexible system, which offers a lot of insight to a customer’s fleet. |
| EVIR (Electronic Verified Inspection Reporting) | Electronic Verified Inspection Report(ing). This is Zonar’s flagship product, available by using the 2010, 2020, and Zonar Connect tablet. EVIR comprises a system of strategically placed RFID tags (usually around a vehicle or trailer) and a RFID reader that directs a driver or operator to inspect their vehicle and equipment. If a defect is identified, it can be classed as yellow-drivable or as red-Out of Service. Inspection results are instantly sent via cellular network to Zonar servers where they are available for viewing by the customer. EVIR began with the 2010 hand-held reader. The 2020 and Zonar Connect tablets now add an additional level of detail by allowing the inspector to add photos to their EVIR. EVIR replaces the old paper based system called DVIR. EVIR is designed to comply with FMCSA rules and regulations. |
| Panic Button | An optional Zonar push-button that activates panic mode on a GPS device, used in conjunction with ZAlert. |
| RouteBoard | Zonar Verify's online management portal where route coordinators and dispatchers can push day-of changes directly to the app on drivers' tablets. Dispatch and administration can also use RouteBoard to benchmark specific metrics in real time. |
| V3 | Zonar’s telematics or GPS platform introduced in September of 2012. Uses 3G network to transmit and receive data. |
| V3R | Essentially a V3 in a Wombat enclosure (In development as of December 2012). The "R" stands for rugged. |
| V4 | Zonar's TCU or GPS platform introduced in 2018. Uses 4G network to transmit and receive data. |
| Vehicle Mount | The retention and charging device the 2010 is inserted into, located inside the asset. Also referred to as a cradle. |
| Z Pass | Small RFID reader for ridership tracking. Riders scan RFID cards across the Z Pass reader as they enter the vehicle. |
| Z Pass+ | A program that allows parents to track their child's Z Pass data. |
| ZForms | Zonar messaging templates for tablet devices. Allows for free-form fields, drop down text, Radio buttons, etc. A great method to reduce typing by driver and dispatcher, and ensures all info required is gathered. |
| Zonar LD TCU | Zonar LD is a telematics control unit (TCU) designed for use with light duty trucks, vans, cars, and other vehicles which use an ODBII network. It is a compact, easy to install solution with no cabling or peripherals required. |
| Zonar Verify | Zonar Verify is a mobile app that resides on the driver’s tablet. Using Z Pass RFID student cards, riders scan their entry and exit from the bus. As they do, Verify automatically confirms from the daily routing information that it’s the right student, right bus, and right stop. If there’s an exception, Verify alerts the bus driver—visually and audibly—so the driver can immediately take corrective action. |
| ZTrak | A small, rugged, GPS unit designed for the outdoors. ZTrak’s send position data one, two, or four times per day (depending on configuration) and have no external wires and is battery operated. |
Zonar Terminology
| Arbitrary Data | A data type that is input by the driver or operator directly into the 2010 or Zonar Connect tablet. Includes whole numbers, fractions, decimals, and list values. |
| Asset | Anything tracked by Zonar's products. This can be a vehicle or a semi-stationary object, such as a generator or dumpster. Asset number is a fleet vehicle's number or identifier. |
| Attributes | A system within Ground Traffic Control that allows a user to fully describe fleet vehicles and then filter on those descriptions. |
| auth0 | auth0 is the external identity and access management service which allows centralized authentication across various Zonar services. |
| Auto-created Asset | An asset automatically generated by Ground Traffic Control when a GPS device begins to send data, but has not previously been associated with an asset name. |
| Auxiliary Data/Tag | A data type that can be input into the 2010 or Zonar Connect tablet by the operator, requires an Aux tag. Typically used on reefer units (refrigeration units) that count incremental hours. |
| Cold Start | A type of GPS data point created whenever the GPS unit is booted or rebooted. Cold starts can be abnormal and unexpected (e.g. ground short, constant power short, etc.) or they can be normal and expected (master kill switch, new/replacement GPS installation, etc.) |
| Component | In regards to EVIR inspection, a component is a part to inspect (e.g. Tire, Wheel, Lug, Engine Coolant, Belt) |
| Condition | In regards to EVIR inspection, a condition describes a fault condition (e.g. Loose, broken, missing, low, leaking). |
| Conditional Defect | A non-downing defect (e.g. Torn seat). Also known as a "yellow defect" |
| Config | Inspection configuration on a 2010 or Zonar Connect tablet. This changes with asset types. |
| Critical Defect | Critical defects are those that cause the vehicle to be undrivable (e.g. flat tire) or machinery to be unusable (broken fan belt). Also known as “Red Defect” or “OOS Defect”. |
| Event Alert | An alert for sending email and or text messages in the event of a yellow or red defect indicated in an EVIR inspection. |
| Expiry | A system within Ground Traffic Control that allows monitoring of date or value-based expirations. This system works from manual entries recorded in EVIR, not GPS. Examples: 3,000 mile oil change, annual physical, etc. |
| Field Support Representative | A Zonar employee who works out in the field, performing training, troubleshooting, and installation assistance. |
| Forms Based Messaging | Predefined templates that minimize manual keyboard data entry and ensures consistency / completeness of text messages. Zonar offers FBM on its mobile tablets, including signature capture. |
| Ground Traffic Control | The cloud-based Zonar application customers use to access their data. Ground Traffic Control includes reporting, alerts and dashboards. |
| Hardware | Refers to physical products, such as the V3 and Connect. |
| Idle | Engine running, but no vehicle movement (must be greater than 1 minute). Idling wastes fuel and pollutes the environment unnecessarily, and preventing it is one of the functions of Zonar products and reports. |
| Inactive | Drivers and/or Assets are set to inactive so they may be hidden from view, and be excluded from statistical analysis. |
| Integration Partner | A non-Zonar entity (usually a company) that uses the Zonar API data in their program to add value to Zonar’s customers. For example, Dolphin is a company that uses Zonar EVIR data pulled through the API for fleet maintenance purposes. Other uses include timekeeping, routing, and mapping. |
| Integrators | A team of Zonar developers and engineers that work with third-party developers, helping integrate with Zonar’s systems. |
| Intelligent Logging | The logic-based method by which Zonar collects and sends GPS data (distance, time, speed, heading etc.). |
| ISO Card | For Zonar - a credit card shaped RFID card used for driver and rider Z Pass cards. Short range card. |
| Light Duty | Zonar GPS Power/Data cable or TCU for light duty vehicles equipped with a OBDII diagnostic connector. |
| Logging | Describes how and when GPS points are recorded. Zonar can modify logging rates and behavior of its GPS units. |
| Microtrip or Trip Report | A JBus report that is sent with fuel, odometer and other ECU/ECM data at engine-off. JBus units only. |
| MOAC-Backbone | Mother Of All Cables - Truck. Combination J1708/J1939 universal backbone cable. This used to be known as the MOAC-T (Truck) cable. |
| Motion Stop | A Zonar data point in which motion equals zero miles per hour but the motor is running. |
| Open Defects | Vehicle or asset defects that have not been repaired, displayed in an EVIR and on the 2010 and Zonar Connect. |
| Open Maintenance Interface | Also called the API, used by third-party vendors to exchange information with Zonar’s Ground Traffic Control without going through the GUI. |
| Path | If location data is a specific point in time, then path data is an aggregate of location data over a given timeframe. In other words: if location is a dot, then path is a line. |
| Phone Home/Call Home | Refers to the behavior of certain devices when they send data to Zonar servers on a fixed time interval as a diagnostic tool, regardless of what the unit is doing. For example, Zonar’s GPS units call home every 4 hours (variable setting) to report that they are okay. |
| Planned vs. Actual | The ability to compare a planned route, departure, or stop, with the actual event and report deviations. Zonar requires a partner to provide this service. |
| Posted vs. Actual | Usually referring to posted speed limits versus actual vehicle speed. |
| Reader Download Station | Connects to a computer and enables the download of inspections and upload of configurations on a 2010. |
| Real Time | Data available in the actual time during which a process or event occurs. In GPS tracking, this is active tracking as opposed to passive tracking. |
| Red Defect or Status | A defect or asset status that is a major issue. The vehicle may not be driven in this condition legally. (e.g. Flat Tire) |
| Retention | In Zonar terminology, the length of time that EVIR or GPS data is held before being purged. Typically, EVIR is held for 3 month and GPS is held for 1 year before being purged. Extended retention plans are available for an additional fee. |
| Retrofit | The process of installing JBus cables in older vehicles. |
| RFID | “Radio-frequency identification” (RFID) uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects. An RFID system consists of a tiny radio transponder, a radio receiver, and a transmitter. When triggered by an electromagnetic interrogation pulse from a nearby RFID reader device, the tag transmits digital data, usually an identifying number, back to the reader. This number can be used to track and relay information on a given item or action. |
| Ridership Data | This term refers to anything associated with a student riding the bus—bus number, route number, date and time of boarding, name of student, name of corresponding driver, etc. |
| Routes | The route regularly followed by a passenger bus to discharge and take on passengers. Routes typically correspond to a specific school at a specific time of day (e.g. “Elementary AM #5”). Routes are typically comprised of subsegments called “trips” or “runs.” |
| Routing Data | This term refers to anything associated with a bus’s route—bus number, route number, path, driver, etc. |
| Sleep Mode | A low power mode used by Zonar hardware to conserve energy preventing the drain of a vehicles battery (especially when the engine is not running). Most of Zonar’s hardware will “go to sleep” (e.g. low power mode) after a period of time, a period of inactivity, or a voltage change state, or a combination of these events. When the hardware is in sleep mode, very little of the vehicle’s battery energy is used, and the Zonar hardware device may have limited functionality, and LEDs may be turned off to conserve energy. Example: Zonar’s GPS units will go to sleep (low power mode) 8 minutes (configurable) after the engine has been shutdown and all the stored data has been properly sent to Zonar. |
| Software | Programs such as Ground Traffic Control. |
| State Change | Event label for Discrete IO. These events indicate the circuit that the Discrete IO is monitoring has changed state (from High-to-Low, or Low-to-High). |
| Stop | Motion stop is when a vehicle comes to a complete stop (0 MPH) or “Stop” which is when a vehicle is stationary with the engine off. |
| Summarization | This is the process where Zonar compacts data to speed up the data processing. For example, mileage data is often summarized into hourly blocks to reduce the amount of data that must be processed for a query, thereby speeding that query’s return. |
| Switched Power | A term used to describe that a circuit should only be energized when the motor is running. Used to wake GPS units, start logging, and for determining idle time. |
| Tag | Zonar’s RFID (tag) used in the EVIR process for inspecting assets. |
| Third-party Integrator | A third party (i.e. not Zonar’s customer) that works with Zonar’s customers to perform API integration. |
| Two-Way Messaging | The ability for dispatch to send freeform and canned messages to drivers and allows drivers to respond. Provided by the Zonar Connect. |
| Virtual Technician | The Daimler and Zonar program in which Daimler vehicle fault and diagnostic codes are remotely evaluated. |
| Wake-Up Mode | A transitory state in which a “sleeping” (See “sleep mode”) Zonar device exits lower power and limited functionality mode and comes to normal power mode with full functionality. The triggers for wake-up are generally power state changes (e.g. line voltage goes from 0 to 12 VDC), Time (e.g. GPS unit wakes up at a set interval (e.g. 4 hours (configurable)) to send “call home” and “health packet” information), data detection (J3 detects ECM data activity on engine start-up) and / or input activity (e.g. Z Pass scans, 2010 with inspections inserted into GPS-VM, Discrete IO activity). |
| White Wire / Switched Power / True ignition wire | In Zonar terminology this is the “white wire” on the 4-pin power connector. The “white wire” monitors for a voltage to be present when the engine is running, and for no voltage to be present when the engine is off. This “run signal” is responsible for waking the GPS and turning on GPS logging. The “white wire” is also responsible for reporting on Idling (Engine on, speed = 0). It is critical that the “white wire” be connected and operating properly for Zonar GPS operation. |
| Wireless Local Area Network | The wireless network method by which the V3 communicates to the Zonar Connect. |
| Yellow Defect or Status | A defect or asset status that is relatively minor and allows for the vehicle to still be driven (e.g. Torn Seat). |
| Yellow Iron | Slang for construction-type of equipment (e.g. Bulldozer, Grader, Crusher, Crane). |
| ZAlert | An alerting engine in Ground Traffic Control which covers many different areas. Examples include JBus, speed, idle, activity, zone, battery, inputs, inspection, and panic alerts. |
| ZFuel | A Ground Traffic Control program that provides detailed fleet analytics into fuel, driving, and driver performance. |
| ZLogs | The Zonar Connect application that monitors Hours-of-service. |
| Zonar | The short form name for the company. |
| Zonar Systems | The company’s long name. The formal and legal name of the company. |
| ZonarCom3 | A Zonar program used for connecting to an RDS. This program may be given to a customer; it is not cloud-based like Ground Traffic Control. |
| Zone (EVIR) | With regards to EVIR inspection, a zone is a physical location on a vehicle (e.g. Left Rear, Cab, Engine compartment). |
| Zone (Ground Traffic Control) | Many reports in Ground Traffic Control are based on zones. A zone, in this application, is a user-defined location that is given a name. A “zone” is often referred to in other applications as a “location of interest” (LOI) or a “geofence.” |
Transportation Terminology
| 395.15 | Section of FMCSA regulations that deals with Automatic on-board recording devices (AOBRD) |
| 396.11 396.13 |
Sections of FMCSA regulations that deal with pre- and post-trip inspections. |
| 3rd Signature | The driver of a vehicles signature that acknowledge critical defects have been addressed. This is an important issue for EVIR inspections. |
| 6 Pin | Either the 6-pin serial port on a GPS unit or a 6-pin JBus diagnostic port connection (Usually J1708/J1587) located in a heavy duty truck or bus. |
| 9 Pin | 9-pin diagnostic port connection located in a heavy duty truck or bus. Usually J1939. |
| Automatic On-Board Recording Device | Automatic on-board recording device means an electric, electronic, electromechanical, or mechanical device capable of recording driver's duty status information accurately and automatically as required by FMCSA § 395.15. The device must be integrally synchronized with specific operations of the commercial motor vehicle in which it is installed. At a minimum, the device must record engine use, road speed, miles driven, the date, and time of day. |
| Commercial Driver's License | A driver’s license required in the United States to operate any type of vehicle which has a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 26,001lb (11,793 kg) or more for commercial use, or that transports quantities of hazardous materials that require placards under Department of Transportation regulations, or that is designed to transport 16 or more passengers, including the driver. This includes (but is not limited to) tow trucks, tractor-trailers, and buses. |
| Commercial Motor Vehicle | Commercial motor vehicle (CMV) means any self-propelled or towed motor vehicle used on a highway in interstate commerce to transport passengers or property when the vehicle:
|
| Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance | An international not-for-profit organization comprised of local, state, provincial, territorial and federal motor carrier safety officials and industry representatives from the United States, Canada, and Mexico with a mission to promote commercial motor vehicle safety and security by providing leadership to enforcement, industry and policy makers. |
| Compliance, Safety, Accountability | A safety enforcement program for fleets provided by FMSCA. |
| Compressed Natural Gas | Natural gas that is stored in cylinders at pressures of 2,000 to 3,500 pounds per square inch in order to fuel a vehicle. |
| Diagnostics | More properly called “on-board diagnostics” (OBD). An automotive term referring to a vehicle's self-diagnostic and reporting capability. OBD systems give the vehicle owner or repair technician access to the status of the various vehicle sub-systems. |
| ELD Mandate | On December 16, 2015, FMCSA published its final rule requiring the adoption and use of electronic logging devices (ELDs) by all drivers required today to complete paper records of duty status. The rule requires adoption and use of compliance ELDs within two years from the date the final rule was published, which was December 2017. FMCSA will, however, allow fleets and drivers to use devices that meet the current standard for Automatic On-Board Recording Devices (AOBRD) (49 CFR 395.15) until December 2019. This is a two-year grandfather clause from the final deadline for adoption of ELD. If the device can be upgraded to meet ELD requirements, the device can be continued to be used. |
| Electronic Logging Device | A device capable of recording a driver’s hours of service and duty status. ELD automatically replaces EOBR and AOBRD acronyms. |
| Engine Serial Number | Unique serial number on an engine or motor. |
| Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration | In carrying out its safety mandate to reduce crashes, injuries, and fatalities involving large trucks and buses, FMCSA Develops and enforces data-driven regulations that balance motor carrier (truck and bus companies) safety with efficiency; Harnesses safety information systems to focus on higher risk carriers in enforcing the safety regulations; Targets educational messages to carriers, commercial drivers, and the public; and Partners with stakeholders including Federal, State, and local enforcement agencies, the motor carrier industry, safety groups, and organized labor on efforts to reduce bus and truck-related crashes. |
| Glider or Glider Kit |
A glider is basically a factory new truck without an engine, transmission or rear axles. An end customer would order one from a truck dealership, and transfer the engine, transmission, and rear axles from an old worn out "donor" truck to the new Glider truck.
|
| Gross Vehicle Weight Rating | The maximum operating weight/mass of a vehicle as specified by the manufacturer, including the vehicle's chassis, body, engine, engine fluids, fuel, accessories, driver, passengers and cargo, but excluding that of any trailers. (Also gross vehicle mass, GVWR, GVM). |
| Hobbs meter | A data display device used for displaying engine hours, which is typically used for assets that collect little or no miles (e.g. generator, bulldozer). |
| Hours-of-Service | Hours-of-Service are regulations issued by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) governing the working hours of anyone operating a commercial motor vehicle (CMV) in the United States. These limit the number of hours a driver drive a truck, bus, etc. |
| Intermodal | Intermodal freight transport involves the transportation of freight in an intermodal container or vehicle, using multiple modes of transportation (rail, ship, and truck), without any handling of the freight itself when changing modes. The method reduces cargo handling, and so improves security, reduces damages and losses, and allows freight to be transported faster. Reducing costs in over-the-road trucking is the key benefit for intercontinental use. This may be offset by reduced timings for road transport over shorter distances. |
| Interstate |
Interstate commerce means trade, traffic, or transportation in the United States:
|
| Intrastate | Intrastate commerce means any trade, traffic, or transportation in any state which is not described in the term “interstate commerce.” |
| J1708/J1587 | Slower serial communication links seen on older vehicles. Usually a 6-pin Deutsch Connector. |
| J1939 | Faster serial communication links seen on newer vehicles (2006 and higher). Usually a 9-Pin Deutsch Connector. |
| JBus | Computerized network in heavy-duty vehicles. |
| Light Duty | Light truck or light-duty truck is a US classification for trucks or truck-based vehicles with a payload capacity of less than 4,000 pounds (1,815 kg). |
| Out-Of-Service | A vehicle with a red defect that cannot be legally driven. |
| Over the Road | Commercial long-haul trucking. |
| Owner-Operator | In trucking, this describes a driver who owns and drives their own tractor. |
| Power Take-off | A splined driveshaft, usually on a tractor or truck, that can be used to provide power to an attachment or separate machine and designed to be easily connected and disconnected. The power take-off allows implements to draw energy from the tractor’s engine. Zonar typically captures PTO events (Time, Date, Duration, Mileage, Location, frequency) with an IO connection. |
| Records of Duty Status | A paper or electronic record of a driver's changing duty status throughout a workshift. For more information, see FMCSA 395.8. |
| Reefer | This term refers to a refrigeration unit used in the trucking industry. |
| Special Duty Status | In hours-of-service, special duty status is a yard movement, which allows movement within a yard without placing the driver into duty status drive. Personal conveyance allows the driver movement in an off-duty status without placing the driver in the drive status, and Hi-rail is for rail companies to allow specially equipped vehicles to drive on railroad tracks in an on-duty status without placing the driver in a drive status. |
| Vehicle Identification Number | A unique 17 character serial number used by the automotive industry to identify individual motor vehicles. |
Technology Terminology
| 2G | Second-generation wireless telephone technology. This technology was used up to and including the V2J and ZTrak. Starting in 2012, the V3 uses 3G technologies. The 2G communication network was decommissioned on January 1, 2017. |
| 3G | The third generation of mobile telecommunications technology. V3-derived TCUs and ZTrak use 3G. |
| 4G | Fourth-generation mobile telecommunications technology. |
| Antenna | Usually referring to GSM (cellular) or GPS. |
| Application Programmer Interface | A description of the way one program asks another program to perform a service. This allows the data that Zonar collects to be exported for use in third-party software. Zonar's API was previously called OMI. |
| ArcGIS | A geographic information system (GIS) from Esri for working with maps and geographic information. It is used for creating and using maps; compiling geographic data; analyzing mapped information; sharing and discovering geographic information; using maps and geographic information in a range of applications; and managing geographic information in a database. The system provides an infrastructure for making maps and geographic information available throughout an organization, across a community, and openly on the Web. |
| Backbone | Computer network in a vehicle. |
| Comma Separated Value | A plain-text data format that will list data values with commas separating each data value in each line. Most reports in Ground Traffic Control have a CSV export option. |
| Controller Area Network | A vehicle bus standard designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other within a vehicle without a host computer. Canbus is often associated to J1939 only while JBus may refer to J1708 or J1939. |
| Electronic Control Module | Any embedded system that controls one or more of the electrical system or subsystems in a motor vehicle. |
| Electronic Control Unit | (Not to be confused with Engine Control Unit). Types of ECU include Electronic/Engine Control Module (ECM), Powertrain Control Module (PCM), Transmission Control Module (TCM), Brake Control Module (BCM or EBCM), Central Control Module (CCM), Central Timing Module (CTM), General Electronic Module (GEM), Body Control Module (BCM), Suspension Control Module (SCM), control unit, or control module. Taken together, these systems are sometimes referred to as the vehicles computerized control system. (Technically there is no single computer, instead a combination of them.) Sometimes one assembly incorporates several of these individual control modules (PCM is often both engine and transmission). |
| ESRI | ESRI is the leading worldwide supplier of Geographic Information System (GIS) software and geo-database management applications. The company has an installed base of more than one million users in more than 350,000 organizations, including most US federal agencies and national mapping agencies, all 50 US state health departments, transportation agencies, forestry companies, utilities, state and local government, schools and universities, NGOs, and across commercial business. ESRI is headquartered in Redlands, California. The company was founded as Environmental Systems Research Institute in 1969 as a land-use consulting firm. Esri products (particularly ArcGIS Desktop) have 40.7% of the global market share. In 2002, ESRI had approximately a 30 percent share of the GIS software market worldwide, more than any other vendor. |
| Firmware | The combination of persistent memory and program code and data stored in it. Typical examples of devices containing firmware are embedded systems such as the V3, Z Pass, and Zonar Connect. The firmware contained in these devices provides the control program for the device. |
| Geocode / Reverse Geocode | The process of finding associated geographic coordinates (often expressed as latitude and longitude) from other geographic data, such as street addresses, or zip codes (postal codes). With geographic coordinates, the features can be mapped and entered into Geographic Information Systems, or the coordinates can be embedded into media such as digital photographs via geotagging. Reverse geocoding is the opposite: finding an associated textual location such as a street address, from geographic coordinates. A geocoder is a piece of software or a (web) service that helps in this process. |
| Geo-fence | Geospatially outlined areas that are usually defined by a user. These are typically used for special interest areas that the user wishes to report on (e.g. School, Speed Zone, Yard, or entire states). |
| Geographic Information System | A computer system designed to capture, store, manipulate, analyze, manage, and present all types of geographical data. |
| Global Positioning System | A satellite-based navigation system made up of a network of 24 satellites placed into orbit by the U.S. Department of Defense. |
| Global System for Mobile Communications | Cellular protocol. Zonar equipment is GSM-based. |
| Keyhole Markup Language | A Google earth mapping file, one of the ways Zonar exports files from Ground Traffic Control. |
| Latitude and Longitude | A coordinate system by which the position or location of any place on the Earth's surface can be determined and described. |
| Long-Term Evolution | Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is a standard for high-speed wireless communication for mobile phones and data terminals. It is based on the GSM/EDGE and UMTS/HSPA network technologies, increasing the capacity and speed using a different radio interface together with core network improvements. Zonar incorporated LTE technology in the V4 and Zonar Connect tablet. |
| Macro | In transportation, a macro is a pre-written, electronic form, with blank spaces for drivers and dispatchers to quickly fill out. |
| Multipath | A condition in which GPS signals bounce off rocks, buildings, bridges, tunnel entrances, etc., and causes position and speed deviations. |
| Over the Air | The method by which Zonar updates and modifies certain equipment in the field. This is achieved by sending files or instructions over the cellular network. This method does not require a person to physically update the product. The products can be updated while out in the field, often remote locations. |
| Radio Frequency Identification | The wireless non-contact use of radio-frequency electromagnetic fields to transfer data, for the purposes of automatically identifying and tracking tags attached to objects. This is the basis for the EVIR. |
| Radio Frequency Interference | Electromagnetic interference,or EMI, also called radio frequency interference or RFI when in high frequency or radio frequency, is disturbance that affects an electrical circuit due to either electromagnetic induction or electromagnetic radiation emitted from an external source. The disturbance may interrupt, obstruct, or otherwise degrade or limit the effective performance of the circuit. |
| Resistive vs. Capacitive Touchscreens | Resistive screens require positive finger or stylus pressure to operate. Capacitive screens require a very light touch. The 2020 uses a resistive screen and the Zonar Connect uses a capacitive screen. |
| Serial to USB Converter | A device that is used to connect an RDS to a computer without a serial port. |
| Shapefile | A popular geospatial vector data format for geographic information systems software. It is developed and regulated by Esri as a (mostly) open specification for data interoperability between Esri and other software products. 1) Customers can provide Shapefile data for overlay in Zonar maps. 2) Zonar can output Shapefiles in some reports. |
| Telematic Control Unit (TCU) | In the automobile industry, this refers to the embedded system on-board a vehicle that controls tracking of the vehicle. The V3 is a telematics control unit. A TCU consists of: - a Global Positioning System (GPS) unit, which keeps track of the latitude and longitude values of the vehicle; - an external interface for mobile communication (GSM, GPRS, Wi-Fi, WiMax, or LTE), which provides the tracked values to a centralized Geographical Information System (GIS) database server; - an electronic processing unit; - a microcontroller, in some versions; a microprocessor or field programmable gate array (FPGA), which processes the information and acts on the interface between the GPS; - a mobile communication unit; - and some amount of memory for saving GPS values in case of mobile-free zones or to intelligently store information about the vehicle’s sensor data. |
| Telematics | 1- The technology of sending, receiving and storing information via telecommunication devices in conjunction with effecting control on remote objects. 2- The integrated use of telecommunications and informatics, for application in vehicles and with control of vehicles on the move. 3- Telematics includes but is not limited to Global Positioning System technology integrated with computers and mobile communications technology in automotive navigation systems. |
| USB to Serial Converter | A device that is used to connect an RDS to a computer without a serial port. |